#!/bin/bash
s='https://s...content-available-to-author-only...n.tld/[...]
https://s...content-available-to-author-only...n.tld/test/[...]
https://s...content-available-to-author-only...n.tld/[...]
https://s...content-available-to-author-only...n.tld/files/[...]'
sed -En 's~https?://([[:alnum:]-]+)\.stage\.domain\.tld.*~\1~p' <<< "$s"
IyEvYmluL2Jhc2gKcz0naHR0cHM6Ly9zLi4uY29udGVudC1hdmFpbGFibGUtdG8tYXV0aG9yLW9ubHkuLi5uLnRsZC9bLi4uXQpodHRwczovL3MuLi5jb250ZW50LWF2YWlsYWJsZS10by1hdXRob3Itb25seS4uLm4udGxkL3Rlc3QvWy4uLl0KaHR0cHM6Ly9zLi4uY29udGVudC1hdmFpbGFibGUtdG8tYXV0aG9yLW9ubHkuLi5uLnRsZC9bLi4uXQpodHRwczovL3MuLi5jb250ZW50LWF2YWlsYWJsZS10by1hdXRob3Itb25seS4uLm4udGxkL2ZpbGVzL1suLi5dJwpzZWQgLUVuICdzfmh0dHBzPzovLyhbWzphbG51bTpdLV0rKVwuc3RhZ2VcLmRvbWFpblwudGxkLip+XDF+cCcgPDw8ICIkcyI=