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  1. // ABC: A human readable byte-code language
  2. // http://t...content-available-to-author-only...d.org/techref/idea/minimalcontroller.htm
  3.  
  4. #include <stdio.h>
  5. //yeah I know. But I think these are cool, so:
  6. #define TRUE  (1==1)
  7. #define FALSE (!TRUE)
  8. //registers are made up of bytes, so 1 is the default size, this is really the
  9. //spacing /between/ registers, so the maximum size each register can process.
  10. //A size of 4 means 32 bit operations will be possible. 8 would be 64.
  11. //This doesn't matter until the op width can be set.
  12. #define REG_SIZE 4
  13. //size of the program memory
  14. #define MEM_SIZE 1000
  15. //amount of memory to include after 'z' register. Stack grows here
  16. #define STACK_SIZE 100
  17. int num;
  18. char dst, src; 
  19. unsigned char op;
  20. char flag;
  21. #define REG_SIZE_CHARS (1+'z'-'a')*REG_SIZE+STACK_SIZE
  22. #define REG_SIZE_INTS REG_SIZE_CHARS / sizeof(int)
  23. union reg_t { char c[REG_SIZE_CHARS]; int i[REG_SIZE_INTS]; } reg;
  24. //1 indexed array of registers. 0 is "no register found"
  25. //Code memory for programs. Could be FLASH or EEPROM
  26. char mem[MEM_SIZE];
  27. char *radix; //radix. "r" in the register array
  28. int *pc; //program counter pointer. "p" in the register array
  29. int next; //pointer to free location in memory for the next instruction. 
  30. char c; //hold the current character being processed
  31.  
  32. int is_white_space(char c) {
  33. 	if (' '==c) return TRUE; //spaces have no effect
  34. 	if ('\r'==c) return TRUE; //\n ends a line \r is extra, need to skip it
  35. 	return FALSE;
  36. }
  37. char get_inst() { //get the next byte code instruction
  38. 	if (*pc) { //if the pc isn't null
  39. 		return c = mem[*pc++]; //get pre-loaded code from RAM
  40. 		//TODO when out of data from ram, switch to external input
  41. 		}
  42. 	//wait for the console. 
  43. 	while (is_white_space(c = getchar()));//printf("got %d\n", c);
  44. 	if (c == EOF) c = FALSE;
  45. 	//TODO add external input to end of RAM for backtracking?
  46. 	return c; 
  47. }
  48. void skip_line() {
  49. 	printf(" skip ");
  50. 	get_inst(); 
  51. 	while( c != 0 //End of File
  52. 		&& c != '\n' //End of Line
  53. 		&& c != '!' //"else"
  54. 		) { 
  55. 		get_inst(); 
  56. 		}
  57. 	printf(" past %d\n", c);
  58. 	get_inst(); 
  59. }
  60. int if_number(char c) {
  61. 	if ((c>='0' && c<='9') || (c>='A' && c<='F')) return TRUE;
  62. 	return FALSE;
  63. }
  64. void number() {
  65. 	while (if_number(c) ) {
  66. 		char digit = c-'0';
  67. 		if (digit>9) digit -= 'A'-'9';
  68. 		if (digit > *radix) {
  69. 			printf("\nERR: #%d > r%d\n",digit,*radix);
  70. 			return;
  71. 		}
  72. 		num *= *radix;
  73. 		num += digit;
  74. 		printf("#%d.",num);
  75. 		get_inst(); //if you used it, replace it.
  76. 	}
  77. }
  78. int is_register(char c) {
  79. 	if (c>='a' && c<='z') return TRUE;
  80. 	return FALSE;
  81. }
  82. int is_src_dst_reg(char sd) {
  83. 	if (sd >= 1 && sd <=26) return TRUE;
  84. 	return FALSE;
  85. }
  86. int registers() {
  87. 	char r = FALSE;
  88. 	if (is_register(c)) {//register
  89. 		r = 1 + c-'a'; //1 to 26
  90. 		r = r * REG_SIZE; //allocate some space between each register
  91. 		r += num; //if a number was given, offset by that amount. 4a is a+4
  92. 		//TODO: 'a' will end up as zero, which flags no destination?
  93. 		num = 0;
  94. 		get_inst(); //if you used it, replace it.
  95. 		printf(" r:%d.",r);
  96. 	}
  97. 	return r;
  98.  
  99. }
  100. #define FIRST_DEVICE 128
  101. int devices() {
  102. 	char d = FALSE;
  103. 	if (c>='A' && c<='Z') {//device
  104. 		d = c - 'A';
  105. 		d += FIRST_DEVICE;
  106. 		get_inst(); //if you used it, replace it.
  107. 		printf(" D:%d.",d);
  108. 	}
  109. 	return d;
  110. }
  111. void destination() {
  112. 	dst = registers();
  113. 	if (!dst) dst = devices();
  114. 	printf(" dst:%d.", dst);
  115. }
  116. void operation() {
  117. 	if ((c>' ' && c<'0') //after ctrl codes, but before numbers
  118. 	 || (c>'9' && c<'A') //after numbers, but before uppercase letters
  119. 	 || (c>'Z' && c<'a') //after uppercase, but below lowercase letters
  120. 	 || (c>'a') //after lowercase letters.
  121. 	 ) { //we have an operation
  122. 	 	op = c;
  123. 		get_inst(); //if you used it, replace it.
  124. 		if (c == op) { op+=128; get_inst();} //duplicate? set high bit
  125. 		if ('=' == c && '<' == op) { op = 'L'; get_inst();} //less than or equal
  126. 		if ('=' == c && '>' == op) { op = 'G'; get_inst();} //greater than or equal
  127. 		if ('\"' == op) { printf("\nString:\"");//quote
  128. 			if (is_src_dst_reg(dst)) { //move source to destination until EOF or ending "
  129. 				reg.i[(int)dst] = next; //point register to memory
  130. 				while(('\"' != c) && (EOF != c)) { printf("%c", c); //TODO also check *pc
  131. 					mem[next++] = c;
  132. 					get_inst();
  133. 				} 
  134. 			get_inst(); //move past closing quote
  135. 			printf("\"\n");
  136. 			}
  137. 		}
  138. 		printf(" op:%d.c:%d",op,c);
  139. 	 }
  140. }
  141. void source() {
  142. 	src = registers();
  143. 	if (!src) src = devices();
  144. 	printf(" src:%d.", src);
  145. }
  146. int read_device(int src) {
  147. 	//TODO read devices. 
  148. 	return 0;
  149. }
  150. void do_it() {
  151. 	//convert src and dst into the values at thier addresses for width
  152. 	//TODO support widths
  153. 	int src_val = 0;
  154. 	if (src <= sizeof(reg.c)) { //register
  155. 		src_val = reg.c[(int)src] + num; printf("src:%d %c val:%d. ", src, src/REG_SIZE, src_val);
  156. 	} else { //otherwise it's a device
  157. 		src_val = read_device(src);
  158. 	}
  159. 	int dst_val = reg.c[(int)dst]; 
  160. 	//use num if no source
  161. 	switch(op) {
  162. 		case ':': dst_val = src_val; break;
  163. 		case '+': dst_val += src_val; break;
  164. 		case '-': dst_val -= src_val; break;
  165. 		case '*': dst_val *= src_val; break;
  166. 		case '/': dst_val /= src_val; break;
  167. 		case '|': dst_val |= src_val; break;
  168. 		case '&': dst_val &= src_val; break;
  169. 		case '>'+128: dst_val >>= src_val; break;
  170. 		case '<'+128: dst_val <<= src_val; break;
  171. 		case '=': flag = (dst_val == src_val); break;
  172. 		case '>': flag = (dst_val > src_val); break;
  173. 		case '<': flag = (dst_val < src_val); break;
  174. 		case 'G': flag = (dst_val >= src_val); break;
  175. 		case 'L': flag = (dst_val <= src_val); break;
  176. 		case '(': break; //parameter list (register indirection)
  177. 		case ')': break; //call
  178. 	}
  179. 	//TODO support widths
  180. 	if (dst <= sizeof(reg.c)) { //register
  181. 		reg.i[(int)dst] = dst_val;
  182. 	} else { //otherwise it's a device
  183. 		switch(dst-FIRST_DEVICE+'A') {
  184. 			case 'P': //Port/pin
  185. 				break;
  186. 		}
  187. 	}
  188. 	printf("dst:%d %c val:%d.\n", dst, dst/REG_SIZE, dst_val);
  189. 	//look ahead for conditionals //TODO should this be under operation?
  190. 	switch(c) {
  191. 		case '?': 
  192. 			if (flag) get_inst(); //continue with next
  193. 			else skip_line(); //fail
  194. 			dst = op = src = num = 0;
  195. 			break;
  196. 		case '!':
  197. 			skip_line();
  198. 			break;
  199. 		case '.': c=0; return;//TODO up stack to top. For now, just return
  200. 	}
  201. }
  202.  
  203. int done() { 
  204. 	if (dst && op &&  (src || num)) {
  205. 		printf("\nDO: %c+%d %c= %c %d +#: %d. c:%c %d\n", dst/REG_SIZE+'`', dst % REG_SIZE, op, src/REG_SIZE+'`', src % REG_SIZE, num, c, c);
  206. 		do_it();
  207. 		op = src = 0;
  208. 	}
  209. 	if ('\n' == c) { printf(" line end\n");
  210. 		get_inst(); //if you used it, replace it.
  211. 		num = dst = src = op = 0;
  212. 		return TRUE; 
  213. 	}
  214. 	if (0 == c) { printf(" file end\n");
  215. 		return TRUE; 
  216. 	}
  217. 	if (0 == dst) { printf(" lost dst ");
  218. 		return TRUE;
  219. 	}
  220. 	return FALSE; 
  221.  
  222. }
  223.  
  224. //register letter to address in reg array. 1 based so 0 is false.
  225. #define REG(x) ((1+x-'a')*REG_SIZE)
  226.  
  227. int main(void) {
  228. 	radix = &reg.c[REG('r')]; //register 'r' stores the radix
  229. 	*radix = 10;
  230. 	printf("radix %d (%d)\n", *radix, reg.c[REG('r')]);
  231. 	pc = (int *)&reg.c[REG('p')]; //questionable. TODO Better way?
  232. 	*pc = 0; //start accepting bytcodes from console, not memory
  233. 	printf("program counter %d (%d)\n", *pc, reg.c[REG('p')]);
  234. 	//next = (int *)&reg.c[REG('n')]; //TODO Better way?
  235. 	next = 0;
  236. 	dst = src = op = 0;
  237. 	flag = FALSE;
  238. 	get_inst(); //prime the pump
  239. 	//return 0;
  240. 	while(c) {
  241. 		number(); //prefix numbers add to reg address. e.g. 4a is b, 2P is 2nd port
  242. 		destination(); //register or device to send data to.
  243. 		do {
  244. 			operation(); //operation to perform on source for dest
  245. 			number(); //offset for source
  246. 			source(); //source value
  247. 		} while(!done()); //do we have everything? do it! repeat op and source
  248. 	}
  249. 	printf("mem: %s.",mem);
  250. 	return 0;
  251. }
  252.  
Success #stdin #stdout 0.01s 5284KB
comments (?)
stdin 
a"b:1"
a:1
b:a+1
c:a+b+10
d:0
c=14?d:1!d:2
stdout 
radix 10 (10)
program counter 0 (0)
 r:4. dst:4.
String:"b:1"
 op:34.c:10 src:0. line end
 r:4. dst:4. op:58.c:49#1. src:0.
DO: a+0 := ` 0 +#: 1. c:
 10
src:0  val:1. dst:4  val:1.
 line end
 r:8. dst:8. op:58.c:97 r:4. src:4.
DO: b+0 := a 0 +#: 0. c:+ 43
src:4  val:0. dst:8  val:0.
 op:43.c:49#1. src:0.
DO: b+0 += ` 0 +#: 1. c:
 10
src:0  val:1. dst:8  val:1.
 line end
 r:12. dst:12. op:58.c:97 r:4. src:4.
DO: c+0 := a 0 +#: 0. c:+ 43
src:4  val:0. dst:12  val:0.
 op:43.c:98 r:8. src:8.
DO: c+0 += b 0 +#: 0. c:+ 43
src:8  val:0. dst:12  val:0.
 op:43.c:49#1.#10. src:0.
DO: c+0 += ` 0 +#: 10. c:
 10
src:0  val:10. dst:12  val:10.
 line end
 r:16. dst:16. op:58.c:48#0. src:0. line end
 r:12. dst:12. op:61.c:49#1.#14. src:0.
DO: c+0 == ` 0 +#: 14. c:? 63
src:0  val:14. dst:12  val:0.
 skip  past 33
 lost dst  r:16. dst:16. op:58.c:50#2. src:0.
DO: d+0 := ` 0 +#: 2. c:
 10
src:0  val:2. dst:16  val:2.
 line end
#1. dst:0. src:0. file end
mem: b:1.
https://ideone.com/ujMCIk
ABC2
language:
C (gcc 8.3)
created:
156 days ago
visibility:
public

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