#include <bits/stdc++.h>
 
using namespace std; 
 
typedef long long ll; 
typedef pair <int, int> ii; 
 
const ll LINF = 1e18; 
const int INF = 1e9;
 
const int N = 1e6 + 5; 
 
int n, m; 
string s; 
 
struct Node {
	int matched = 0, open_rem = 0, close_rem = 0; 
 
	Node() {}
 
	Node(char c) {
		if (c == '(') open_rem = 1;  
		if (c == ')') close_rem = 1; 
	}
 
	Node operator+(const Node& other) const {
		Node res;   
		int bonus = min(open_rem, other.close_rem); // số cặp ngoặc đúng có thêm 
		res.matched = matched + other.matched + bonus; // số cặp ngoặc đúng sau khi gộp
		res.open_rem = (open_rem - bonus) + other.open_rem; // số ngoặc mở còn thừa sau khi gộp                                                       
		res.close_rem = close_rem + (other.close_rem - bonus); // số ngoặc đóng còn thừa sau khi gộp
		return res; 
	}
}; 
 
Node seg[4 * N]; 
 
void build(int id, int l, int r) {
	if (l == r) {
		seg[id] = Node(s[l]); 
		return; 
	}
	int mid = (l + r) >> 1; 
	build(id * 2, l, mid); 
	build(id * 2 + 1, mid + 1, r); 
	seg[id] = seg[id * 2] + seg[id * 2 + 1]; 
}
 
Node get(int id, int l, int r, int u, int v) {
	if (l > v || r < u) return Node();
	if (u <= l && r <= v) return seg[id]; 	
	int mid = (l + r) >> 1;  
	return get(id * 2, l, mid, u, v) + get(id * 2 + 1, mid + 1, r, u, v); 
}
 
int main() {
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false); 
	cin.tie(nullptr); 
	cin >> s >> m; 
	n = s.size();
 
	build(1, 0, n - 1); 
 
	for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
		int l, r; 
		cin >> l >> r; 
		l--, r--; 
		cout << get(1, 0, n - 1, l, r).matched * 2 << '\n'; 
	}
}

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