#!/bin/bash
s='++ *+ ++ + [SPAM] foo(): z.y.o ## [x.y.z]----- '
grep -o '\[[^][]*]' <<< "$s"
echo "---"
sed -n 's/^[^[]*\(\[[^][]*]\).*/\1/p' <<< "$s"
IyEvYmluL2Jhc2gKcz0nKysgICorICAgKysgKyBbU1BBTV0gZm9vKCk6IHoueS5vICMjIFt4Lnkuel0tLS0tLSAnCmdyZXAgLW8gJ1xbW15dW10qXScgPDw8ICIkcyIKZWNobyAiLS0tIgpzZWQgLW4gJ3MvXlteW10qXChcW1teXVtdKl1cKS4qL1wxL3AnIDw8PCAiJHMi