#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
long min(long a, long b) {
return a<b ? a : b;
}
unsigned long long binomialCoeff(long n, long k)
{
if(k==0) {
return 1;
}
if(n==k) {
return 1;
}
if(k==1) {
return (long long)n;
}
unsigned long long C[n + 1][k + 1];
long i, j;
for (i = 0; i <= n; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j <= min(i, k); j++)
{
if (j == 0 || j == i)
C[i][j] = 1;
else
C[i][j] = C[i - 1][j - 1] +
C[i - 1][j];
}
}
return C[n][k];
}
int main() {
int t;
scanf("%d",&t);
while(t--) {
long n,k;
cin >> n >> k;
cout << binomialCoeff(n-1,k-1) << endl;
}
return 0;
}
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