//********************************************************
// Assignment 8 - Structures and Strings and Pointers
//
// Name: Neftalia Cruz
// Class: C Programming, Fall 2026
// Date: November 5, 2026
//
// Description: Program which determines overtime and
// gross pay for a set of employees.
// Also calculates state tax, federal tax, net pay,
// totals, averages, minimum and maximum values.
//
// Call by Reference design (using pointers)
//********************************************************
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
// Define Constants
#define SIZE 5
#define STD_HOURS 40.0
#define OT_RATE 1.5
#define MA_TAX_RATE 0.05
#define NH_TAX_RATE 0.0
#define VT_TAX_RATE 0.06
#define CA_TAX_RATE 0.07
#define DEFAULT_TAX_RATE 0.08
#define NAME_SIZE 20
#define TAX_STATE_SIZE 3
#define FED_TAX_RATE 0.25
#define FIRST_NAME_SIZE 10
#define LAST_NAME_SIZE 10
// Define employee name structure
struct name
{
char firstName[FIRST_NAME_SIZE];
char lastName[LAST_NAME_SIZE];
};
// Define employee structure
struct employee
{
struct name empName;
char taxState[TAX_STATE_SIZE];
long int clockNumber;
float wageRate;
float hours;
float overtimeHrs;
float grossPay;
float stateTax;
float fedTax;
float netPay;
};
// Define totals structure
struct totals
{
float total_wageRate;
float total_hours;
float total_overtimeHrs;
float total_grossPay;
float total_stateTax;
float total_fedTax;
float total_netPay;
};
// Define minimum and maximum structure
struct min_max
{
float min_wageRate;
float min_hours;
float min_overtimeHrs;
float min_grossPay;
float min_stateTax;
float min_fedTax;
float min_netPay;
float max_wageRate;
float max_hours;
float max_overtimeHrs;
float max_grossPay;
float max_stateTax;
float max_fedTax;
float max_netPay;
};
// Function prototypes
void getHours(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize);
void printEmp(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize);
void calcEmployeeTotals(struct employee * emp_ptr,
struct totals * emp_totals_ptr,
int theSize);
void calcEmployeeMinMax(struct employee * emp_ptr,
struct min_max * emp_minMax_ptr,
int theSize);
void printHeader(void);
// TODO 1 - Completed pointer prototypes
void calcOvertimeHrs(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize);
void calcGrossPay(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize);
void calcStateTax(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize);
void calcFedTax(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize);
void calcNetPay(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize);
void printEmpStatistics(struct totals * emp_totals_ptr,
struct min_max * emp_MinMax_ptr,
int theSize);
//********************************************************
// MAIN
//********************************************************
int main()
{
struct employee employeeData[SIZE] = {
{ {"Connie", "Cobol"}, "MA", 98401, 10.60 },
{ {"Mary", "Apl"}, "NH", 526488, 9.75 },
{ {"Frank", "Fortran"}, "VT", 765349, 10.50 },
{ {"Jeff", "Ada"}, "NY", 34645, 12.25 },
{ {"Anton", "Pascal"}, "CA", 127615, 8.35 }
};
// Declare employee pointer
struct employee * emp_ptr;
emp_ptr = employeeData;
// Initialize totals
struct totals employeeTotals = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
struct totals * emp_totals_ptr = &employeeTotals;
// Initialize minimum and maximum
struct min_max employeeMinMax =
{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
struct min_max * emp_minMax_ptr = &employeeMinMax;
// Read employee hours
getHours(employeeData, SIZE);
// Calculate overtime
calcOvertimeHrs(employeeData, SIZE);
// Calculate gross pay
calcGrossPay(employeeData, SIZE);
// Calculate state tax
calcStateTax(employeeData, SIZE);
// Calculate federal tax
calcFedTax(employeeData, SIZE);
// Calculate net pay
calcNetPay(employeeData, SIZE);
// Calculate totals
calcEmployeeTotals(employeeData,
&employeeTotals,
SIZE);
// Calculate minimum and maximum
calcEmployeeMinMax(employeeData,
&employeeMinMax,
SIZE);
// Print report
printHeader();
printEmp(employeeData, SIZE);
// TODO 2 - Pass addresses of structures
printEmpStatistics(&employeeTotals,
&employeeMinMax,
SIZE);
return 0;
}
//********************************************************
// Function: getHours
// Purpose: Read hours for each employee
//********************************************************
void getHours(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < theSize; ++i)
{
printf("\nEnter hours worked by emp # %06li: ", emp_ptr->clockNumber);
scanf("%f", &emp_ptr
->hours
);
++emp_ptr;
}
}
//********************************************************
// Function: printHeader
// Purpose: Print payroll report headings
//********************************************************
void printHeader(void)
{
printf("\n\n*** Pay Calculator ***\n");
printf("\n--------------------------------------------------------------"); printf("-------------------");
printf("\nName Tax Clock# Wage Hours OT Gross ");
printf("\n--------------------------------------------------------------"); printf("-------------------"); }
//********************************************************
// Function: printEmp
// Purpose: Print each employee's payroll information
//********************************************************
void printEmp(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize)
{
int i;
char name[FIRST_NAME_SIZE + LAST_NAME_SIZE + 1];
for (i = 0; i < theSize; ++i)
{
strcpy(name
, emp_ptr
->empName.
firstName); strcat(name
, emp_ptr
->empName.
lastName);
printf("\n%-20.20s %-2.2s %06li %5.2f %4.1f %4.1f %7.2f %6.2f %7.2f %8.2f", name,
emp_ptr->taxState,
emp_ptr->clockNumber,
emp_ptr->wageRate,
emp_ptr->hours,
emp_ptr->overtimeHrs,
emp_ptr->grossPay,
emp_ptr->stateTax,
emp_ptr->fedTax,
emp_ptr->netPay);
++emp_ptr;
}
}
//********************************************************
// Function: printEmpStatistics
// Purpose: Print totals, averages, minimum and maximum
//
// TODO 3 - Completed using pointer references
//********************************************************
void printEmpStatistics(struct totals * emp_totals_ptr,
struct min_max * emp_MinMax_ptr,
int theSize)
{
printf("\n--------------------------------------------------------------"); printf("-------------------");
// Print totals
printf("\nTotals: %5.2f %5.1f %5.1f %7.2f %6.2f %7.2f %8.2f", emp_totals_ptr->total_wageRate,
emp_totals_ptr->total_hours,
emp_totals_ptr->total_overtimeHrs,
emp_totals_ptr->total_grossPay,
emp_totals_ptr->total_stateTax,
emp_totals_ptr->total_fedTax,
emp_totals_ptr->total_netPay);
// Print averages
if (theSize > 0)
{
printf("\nAverages: %5.2f %5.1f %5.1f %7.2f %6.2f %7.2f %8.2f", emp_totals_ptr->total_wageRate / theSize,
emp_totals_ptr->total_hours / theSize,
emp_totals_ptr->total_overtimeHrs / theSize,
emp_totals_ptr->total_grossPay / theSize,
emp_totals_ptr->total_stateTax / theSize,
emp_totals_ptr->total_fedTax / theSize,
emp_totals_ptr->total_netPay / theSize);
}
// Print minimum values
printf("\nMinimum: %5.2f %5.1f %5.1f %7.2f %6.2f %7.2f %8.2f", emp_MinMax_ptr->min_wageRate,
emp_MinMax_ptr->min_hours,
emp_MinMax_ptr->min_overtimeHrs,
emp_MinMax_ptr->min_grossPay,
emp_MinMax_ptr->min_stateTax,
emp_MinMax_ptr->min_fedTax,
emp_MinMax_ptr->min_netPay);
// Print maximum values
printf("\nMaximum: %5.2f %5.1f %5.1f %7.2f %6.2f %7.2f %8.2f", emp_MinMax_ptr->max_wageRate,
emp_MinMax_ptr->max_hours,
emp_MinMax_ptr->max_overtimeHrs,
emp_MinMax_ptr->max_grossPay,
emp_MinMax_ptr->max_stateTax,
emp_MinMax_ptr->max_fedTax,
emp_MinMax_ptr->max_netPay);
}
//********************************************************
// Function: calcOvertimeHrs
// Purpose: Calculate overtime hours
//
// TODO 4 - Completed using pointers
//********************************************************
void calcOvertimeHrs(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < theSize; ++i)
{
if (emp_ptr->hours >= STD_HOURS)
{
emp_ptr->overtimeHrs =
emp_ptr->hours - STD_HOURS;
}
else
{
emp_ptr->overtimeHrs = 0;
}
++emp_ptr;
}
}
//********************************************************
// Function: calcGrossPay
// Purpose: Calculate gross pay
//
// TODO 5 - Completed using pointers
//********************************************************
void calcGrossPay(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize)
{
int i;
float theNormalPay;
float theOvertimePay;
for (i = 0; i < theSize; ++i)
{
theNormalPay =
emp_ptr->wageRate *
(emp_ptr->hours - emp_ptr->overtimeHrs);
theOvertimePay =
emp_ptr->overtimeHrs *
(OT_RATE * emp_ptr->wageRate);
emp_ptr->grossPay =
theNormalPay + theOvertimePay;
++emp_ptr;
}
}
//********************************************************
// Function: calcStateTax
// Purpose: Calculate state tax
//
// TODO 6 - Completed using pointers
//********************************************************
void calcStateTax(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < theSize; ++i)
{
// Make sure tax state is uppercase
emp_ptr->taxState[0] =
emp_ptr->taxState[1] =
// Calculate state tax
if (strcmp(emp_ptr
->taxState
, "MA") == 0) {
emp_ptr->stateTax =
emp_ptr->grossPay * MA_TAX_RATE;
}
else if (strcmp(emp_ptr
->taxState
, "VT") == 0) {
emp_ptr->stateTax =
emp_ptr->grossPay * VT_TAX_RATE;
}
else if (strcmp(emp_ptr
->taxState
, "NH") == 0) {
emp_ptr->stateTax =
emp_ptr->grossPay * NH_TAX_RATE;
}
else if (strcmp(emp_ptr
->taxState
, "CA") == 0) {
emp_ptr->stateTax =
emp_ptr->grossPay * CA_TAX_RATE;
}
else
{
emp_ptr->stateTax =
emp_ptr->grossPay * DEFAULT_TAX_RATE;
}
++emp_ptr;
}
}
//********************************************************
// Function: calcFedTax
// Purpose: Calculate federal tax
//
// TODO 7 - Completed using pointers
//********************************************************
void calcFedTax(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < theSize; ++i)
{
emp_ptr->fedTax =
emp_ptr->grossPay * FED_TAX_RATE;
++emp_ptr;
}
}
//********************************************************
// Function: calcNetPay
// Purpose: Calculate net pay
//
// TODO 8 - Completed using pointers
//********************************************************
void calcNetPay(struct employee * emp_ptr, int theSize)
{
int i;
float theTotalTaxes;
for (i = 0; i < theSize; ++i)
{
theTotalTaxes =
emp_ptr->stateTax + emp_ptr->fedTax;
emp_ptr->netPay =
emp_ptr->grossPay - theTotalTaxes;
++emp_ptr;
}
}
//********************************************************
// Function: calcEmployeeTotals
// Purpose: Calculate running totals
// Already completed in professor's template
//********************************************************
void calcEmployeeTotals(struct employee * emp_ptr,
struct totals * emp_totals_ptr,
int theSize)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < theSize; ++i)
{
emp_totals_ptr->total_wageRate +=
emp_ptr->wageRate;
emp_totals_ptr->total_hours +=
emp_ptr->hours;
emp_totals_ptr->total_overtimeHrs +=
emp_ptr->overtimeHrs;
emp_totals_ptr->total_grossPay +=
emp_ptr->grossPay;
emp_totals_ptr->total_stateTax +=
emp_ptr->stateTax;
emp_totals_ptr->total_fedTax +=
emp_ptr->fedTax;
emp_totals_ptr->total_netPay +=
emp_ptr->netPay;
++emp_ptr;
}
}
//********************************************************
// Function: calcEmployeeMinMax
// Purpose: Calculate minimum and maximum values
// Already completed in professor's template
//********************************************************
void calcEmployeeMinMax(struct employee * emp_ptr,
struct min_max * emp_minMax_ptr,
int theSize)
{
int i;
// Set minimum values using first employee
emp_minMax_ptr->min_wageRate = emp_ptr->wageRate;
emp_minMax_ptr->min_hours = emp_ptr->hours;
emp_minMax_ptr->min_overtimeHrs = emp_ptr->overtimeHrs;
emp_minMax_ptr->min_grossPay = emp_ptr->grossPay;
emp_minMax_ptr->min_stateTax = emp_ptr->stateTax;
emp_minMax_ptr->min_fedTax = emp_ptr->fedTax;
emp_minMax_ptr->min_netPay = emp_ptr->netPay;
// Set maximum values using first employee
emp_minMax_ptr->max_wageRate = emp_ptr->wageRate;
emp_minMax_ptr->max_hours = emp_ptr->hours;
emp_minMax_ptr->max_overtimeHrs = emp_ptr->overtimeHrs;
emp_minMax_ptr->max_grossPay = emp_ptr->grossPay;
emp_minMax_ptr->max_stateTax = emp_ptr->stateTax;
emp_minMax_ptr->max_fedTax = emp_ptr->fedTax;
emp_minMax_ptr->max_netPay = emp_ptr->netPay;
// Compare remaining employees
for (i = 1; i < theSize; ++i)
{
++emp_ptr;
// Wage rate minimum and maximum
if (emp_ptr->wageRate < emp_minMax_ptr->min_wageRate)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->min_wageRate = emp_ptr->wageRate;
}
if (emp_ptr->wageRate > emp_minMax_ptr->max_wageRate)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->max_wageRate = emp_ptr->wageRate;
}
// Hours minimum and maximum
if (emp_ptr->hours < emp_minMax_ptr->min_hours)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->min_hours = emp_ptr->hours;
}
if (emp_ptr->hours > emp_minMax_ptr->max_hours)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->max_hours = emp_ptr->hours;
}
// Overtime hours minimum and maximum
if (emp_ptr->overtimeHrs < emp_minMax_ptr->min_overtimeHrs)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->min_overtimeHrs = emp_ptr->overtimeHrs;
}
if (emp_ptr->overtimeHrs > emp_minMax_ptr->max_overtimeHrs)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->max_overtimeHrs = emp_ptr->overtimeHrs;
}
// Gross pay minimum and maximum
if (emp_ptr->grossPay < emp_minMax_ptr->min_grossPay)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->min_grossPay = emp_ptr->grossPay;
}
if (emp_ptr->grossPay > emp_minMax_ptr->max_grossPay)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->max_grossPay = emp_ptr->grossPay;
}
// State tax minimum and maximum
if (emp_ptr->stateTax < emp_minMax_ptr->min_stateTax)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->min_stateTax = emp_ptr->stateTax;
}
if (emp_ptr->stateTax > emp_minMax_ptr->max_stateTax)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->max_stateTax = emp_ptr->stateTax;
}
// Federal tax minimum and maximum
if (emp_ptr->fedTax < emp_minMax_ptr->min_fedTax)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->min_fedTax = emp_ptr->fedTax;
}
if (emp_ptr->fedTax > emp_minMax_ptr->max_fedTax)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->max_fedTax = emp_ptr->fedTax;
}
// Net pay minimum and maximum
if (emp_ptr->netPay < emp_minMax_ptr->min_netPay)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->min_netPay = emp_ptr->netPay;
}
if (emp_ptr->netPay > emp_minMax_ptr->max_netPay)
{
emp_minMax_ptr->max_netPay = emp_ptr->netPay;
}
}
}