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  1. #include <stdio.h>
  2. #include <stdlib.h>
  3. #include <string.h>
  4.  
  5. typedef enum {
  6.     STATUS_RETURNED = 0,   /* 已归还/在馆 */
  7.     STATUS_BORROWED = 1    /* 已借出 */
  8. } BookStatus;
  9.  
  10. typedef struct Book {
  11.     char title[50];
  12.     char publisher[50];
  13.     char borrow_date[20];
  14.     char return_date[20];
  15.     BookStatus status;
  16.     struct Book *next;
  17. } Book;
  18.  
  19. Book *head = NULL;          /* 链表头指针 */
  20.  
  21. /* ---------- 输入辅助：读一整行，去掉换行 ---------- */
  22. void read_line(char *buf, size_t size) {
  23.     if (fgets(buf, (int)size, stdin) == NULL) {
  24.         buf[0] = '\0';
  25.         return;
  26.     }
  27.     if (strchr(buf, '\n') == NULL) {          /* 输入超长，清掉残留 */
  28.         int c;
  29.         while ((c = getchar()) != '\n' && c != EOF) { }
  30.     } else {
  31.         buf[strcspn(buf, "\n")] = '\0';
  32.     }
  33. }
  34.  
  35. const char *status_text(BookStatus s) {
  36.     return s == STATUS_BORROWED ? "借出" : "归还";
  37. }
  38.  
  39. /* ---------- 添加图书（尾插，保持录入顺序） ---------- */
  40. void add_book(void) {
  41.     Book *b = (Book *)malloc(sizeof(Book));
  42.     if (b == NULL) { printf("内存分配失败！\n"); return; }
  43.  
  44.     printf("书名: ");
  45.     read_line(b->title, sizeof(b->title));
  46.     if (b->title[0] == '\0') { printf("书名不能为空！\n"); free(b); return; }
  47.  
  48.     printf("出版社: ");
  49.     read_line(b->publisher, sizeof(b->publisher));
  50.     printf("借出时间(如 2024-05-01，可为 -): ");
  51.     read_line(b->borrow_date, sizeof(b->borrow_date));
  52.     printf("归还时间(如 2024-06-01，可为 -): ");
  53.     read_line(b->return_date, sizeof(b->return_date));
  54.  
  55.     char line[16];
  56.     printf("状态(0=归还/在馆, 1=借出): ");
  57.     read_line(line, sizeof(line));
  58.     b->status = (atoi(line) == 1) ? STATUS_BORROWED : STATUS_RETURNED;
  59.  
  60.     b->next = NULL;
  61.     if (head == NULL) {
  62.         head = b;
  63.     } else {
  64.         Book *p = head;
  65.         while (p->next != NULL) p = p->next;
  66.         p->next = b;
  67.     }
  68.     printf("添加成功！\n");
  69. }
  70.  
  71. /* ---------- 显示辅助 ---------- */
  72. void print_header(void) {
  73.     printf("%-20s %-20s %-14s %-14s %-6s\n",
  74.            "书名", "出版社", "借出时间", "归还时间", "状态");
  75.     printf("--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
  76. }
  77.  
  78. void print_book(Book *b) {
  79.     printf("%-20s %-20s %-14s %-14s %-6s\n",
  80.            b->title, b->publisher,
  81.            b->borrow_date, b->return_date,
  82.            status_text(b->status));
  83. }
  84.  
  85. /* ---------- 查找：按书名（模糊匹配） ---------- */
  86. void search_by_title(void) {
  87.     char key[50];
  88.     printf("输入书名关键字: ");
  89.     read_line(key, sizeof(key));
  90.  
  91.     int count = 0;
  92.     print_header();
  93.     for (Book *p = head; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
  94.         if (strstr(p->title, key) != NULL) {
  95.             print_book(p);
  96.             count++;
  97.         }
  98.     }
  99.     printf("共找到 %d 本图书\n", count);
  100. }
  101.  
  102. /* ---------- 查找：按出版社（模糊匹配） ---------- */
  103. void search_by_publisher(void) {
  104.     char key[50];
  105.     printf("输入出版社关键字: ");
  106.     read_line(key, sizeof(key));
  107.  
  108.     int count = 0;
  109.     print_header();
  110.     for (Book *p = head; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
  111.         if (strstr(p->publisher, key) != NULL) {
  112.             print_book(p);
  113.             count++;
  114.         }
  115.     }
  116.     printf("共找到 %d 本图书\n", count);
  117. }
  118.  
  119. /* ---------- 删除的匹配函数 ---------- */
  120. int match_title(Book *b, const char *key) {
  121.     return strcmp(b->title, key) == 0;
  122. }
  123.  
  124. int match_publisher(Book *b, const char *key) {
  125.     return strcmp(b->publisher, key) == 0;
  126. }
  127.  
  128. /* 通用删除：删除所有匹配节点，返回删除数量 */
  129. int delete_books(int (*match)(Book *, const char *), const char *key) {
  130.     Book *prev = NULL;
  131.     Book *cur = head;
  132.     int count = 0;
  133.  
  134.     while (cur != NULL) {
  135.         if (match(cur, key)) {
  136.             Book *del = cur;
  137.             if (prev == NULL) head = cur->next;   /* 删除头节点 */
  138.             else prev->next = cur->next;          /* 删除中间/尾节点 */
  139.             cur = cur->next;
  140.             free(del);
  141.             count++;
  142.         } else {
  143.             prev = cur;
  144.             cur = cur->next;
  145.         }
  146.     }
  147.     return count;
  148. }
  149.  
  150. void delete_by_title(void) {
  151.     char key[50];
  152.     printf("输入要删除的书名(完整): ");
  153.     read_line(key, sizeof(key));
  154.     int n = delete_books(match_title, key);
  155.     if (n > 0) printf("已删除 %d 本图书\n", n);
  156.     else printf("未找到该书\n");
  157. }
  158.  
  159. void delete_by_publisher(void) {
  160.     char key[50];
  161.     printf("输入要删除的出版社(完整): ");
  162.     read_line(key, sizeof(key));
  163.     int n = delete_books(match_publisher, key);
  164.     if (n > 0) printf("已删除 %d 本图书\n", n);
  165.     else printf("未找到该出版社的图书\n");
  166. }
  167.  
  168. /* ---------- 借出 / 归还登记（修改状态和时间） ---------- */
  169. void change_status(void) {
  170.     char title[50];
  171.     printf("输入书名: ");
  172.     read_line(title, sizeof(title));
  173.  
  174.     Book *p = head;
  175.     while (p != NULL && strcmp(p->title, title) != 0) p = p->next;
  176.     if (p == NULL) { printf("未找到该书\n"); return; }
  177.  
  178.     char line[16];
  179.     printf("1=借出 0=归还: ");
  180.     read_line(line, sizeof(line));
  181.     if (atoi(line) == 1) {
  182.         p->status = STATUS_BORROWED;
  183.         printf("借出时间: ");
  184.         read_line(p->borrow_date, sizeof(p->borrow_date));
  185.     } else {
  186.         p->status = STATUS_RETURNED;
  187.         printf("归还时间: ");
  188.         read_line(p->return_date, sizeof(p->return_date));
  189.     }
  190.     printf("状态已更新\n");
  191. }
  192.  
  193. /* ---------- 显示全部 ---------- */
  194. void list_books(void) {
  195.     if (head == NULL) { printf("暂无图书\n"); return; }
  196.     print_header();
  197.     for (Book *p = head; p != NULL; p = p->next) print_book(p);
  198. }
  199.  
  200. /* ---------- 释放整条链表 ---------- */
  201. void free_all(void) {
  202.     Book *p = head;
  203.     while (p != NULL) {
  204.         Book *next = p->next;
  205.         free(p);
  206.         p = next;
  207.     }
  208.     head = NULL;
  209. }
  210.  
  211. /* ---------- 主函数 ---------- */
  212. int main(void) {
  213.     char line[32];
  214.     while (1) {
  215.         printf("\n========== 图书管理系统(链表版) ==========\n");
  216.         printf("1. 添加图书\n");
  217.         printf("2. 按书名查找\n");
  218.         printf("3. 按出版社查找\n");
  219.         printf("4. 按书名删除\n");
  220.         printf("5. 按出版社删除\n");
  221.         printf("6. 显示全部图书\n");
  222.         printf("7. 借出/归还登记\n");
  223.         printf("0. 退出\n");
  224.         printf("请选择: ");
  225.  
  226.         read_line(line, sizeof(line));
  227.         int choice = atoi(line);
  228.  
  229.         switch (choice) {
  230.             case 1: add_book(); break;
  231.             case 2: search_by_title(); break;
  232.             case 3: search_by_publisher(); break;
  233.             case 4: delete_by_title(); break;
  234.             case 5: delete_by_publisher(); break;
  235.             case 6: list_books(); break;
  236.             case 7: change_status(); break;
  237.             case 0:
  238.                 free_all();
  239.                 printf("再见！\n");
  240.                 return 0;
  241.             default:
  242.                 printf("无效选项，请重新输入\n");
  243.         }
  244.     }
  245.     return 0;
  246. }
Success #stdin #stdout 0s 5340KB
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stdout
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========== 图书管理系统(链表版) ==========
1. 添加图书
2. 按书名查找
3. 按出版社查找
4. 按书名删除
5. 按出版社删除
6. 显示全部图书
7. 借出/归还登记
0. 退出
请选择: 再见！
https://ideone.com/olLQdE
language:
C++ (gcc 8.3)
created:
6 hours ago
visibility:
public

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