using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
 
public class Test
{
 
	private static IEnumerable<object> Cycle(object value=null)
	{
	    while (true)
	    {
	        yield return value;
	    }
	}
 
	private static IEnumerable<byte> RandomBytes(int chunkSize)
	{
	    return Cycle().SelectMany(unused =>
	    {
	        var b = new byte[chunkSize];
	        new RNGCryptoServiceProvider().GetBytes(b);
	        return b;
	    });
	}
 
	private static IEnumerable<long> RandomLongs()
	{
		var csrng = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();
	    return Cycle().Select(unused =>
	    {
	        var bytes = new byte[4];
	        csrng.GetBytes(bytes);
	        return  (long)(BitConverter.ToUInt32( bytes, 0));
	    });
	}
 
	private static IEnumerable<int> RandomExtended(int chunkSize, int limit)
	{
		var source = RandomBytes(chunkSize);
        foreach (long lng in RandomLongs())
        {
        	var nxt = lng % limit;
        	yield return (int)nxt;
        }
 
	}	
 
	private static IEnumerable<int> RandomWrap(int chunkSize, int limit)
	{
		int prev = 0;
        foreach (byte b in RandomBytes(chunkSize))
        {
        	prev = (prev + b) % limit;
        	yield return prev;
        }
 
	}
 
	private static IEnumerable<int> RandomFilter(int chunkSize, int limit)
	{
	    return RandomBytes(chunkSize).Where(n => n < limit).Select(n => (int)n);
	}
 
	private static IEnumerable<int> RandomModulo(int chunkSize, int limit)
	{
	    return RandomBytes(chunkSize).Select(n => n % limit);
	}
 
	private static IEnumerable<int> RandomResize(int chunkSize, int limit)
	{
	    var denom = 256.0/limit;
	    return RandomBytes(chunkSize).Select(n => (int)(n / denom));
	}
 
	private static void TestDistribution(int limit, int amount, int chunkSize, Func<int, int, IEnumerable<int>> fn)
	{
	    var counter = new Dictionary<int, int>();
	    foreach (var i in Enumerable.Range(0, limit))
	    {
	        counter[i] = 0;
	    }
 
	    foreach (var i in fn(chunkSize, limit).Take(amount))
	    {
	        counter[i] += 1;
	    }
	    Console.WriteLine($"{limit} {amount} {chunkSize} {counter.Select(kv => kv.Value).Aggregate(0, (acc, x) => acc + x)}");
	    Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", from kv in counter select $"{kv.Key}"));
	    Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", from kv in counter select $"{kv.Value}"));
	    Console.WriteLine();
 
	}
 
	private static void Main()
	{
		Console.WriteLine("Extended");
	    TestDistribution(45, 100000, 100, RandomExtended);
	    TestDistribution(32, 100000, 100, RandomExtended);
	    Console.WriteLine();
 
		Console.WriteLine("Wrap");
	    TestDistribution(45, 100000, 100, RandomWrap);
	    TestDistribution(32, 100000, 100, RandomWrap);
	    Console.WriteLine();
 
		Console.WriteLine("Filter");
	    TestDistribution(45, 100000, 100, RandomFilter);
	    TestDistribution(32, 100000, 100, RandomFilter);
	    Console.WriteLine();
 
		Console.WriteLine("Modulo");
	    TestDistribution(45, 100000, 100, RandomModulo);
	    TestDistribution(32, 100000, 100, RandomModulo);
	    Console.WriteLine();
 
		Console.WriteLine("Resize");
	    TestDistribution(45, 100000, 100, RandomResize);
	    TestDistribution(32, 100000, 100, RandomResize);
	    Console.ReadLine();
	}
 
}

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