def solve( x ):
s, a, b, c = 0, 0, 10, 1
while x >= b:
s += (b - a) // 2 * c
a = b
b *= 10
c += 1
return s + (x - a + 1) // 2 * c
def ask( x ):
print( '{} => {}'.format( x, solve(x) ) )
ask(3)
ask(10)
ask(9999)
ask(123456789)
ask(31415926535897)
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