#!/bin/bash s="Lorem ipsum dolor START sit amet, consectetur END adipiscing elit." echo "$s" | perl -pe 's/(START.*?END)/$1=~s#\s#_#gr/ge' echo "$s" | perl -pe 's/(?:START|\G(?!^))(?:(?!END).)*?\K\s/_/g'
Standard input is empty
Lorem ipsum dolor START_sit_amet,_consectetur_END adipiscing elit. Lorem ipsum dolor START_sit_amet,_consectetur_END adipiscing elit.