#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
// your code goes here
int t;
cin>>t;
for(int i=1;i<=t;i++){
int sum=0;
int j=0;
int n;
cin>>n;
int p[n-1];
for(j=0;j<n-1;j++){cin>>p[j];sum=sum+p[j];}
sum=sum+p[0];
for(j=1;j<n-1;j++){
sum=sum+p[i]-p[i-1];
}
cout<<sum<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
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