#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
int main() {
	int t;
	cin>>t;
	while(t--){
		int n,m,k;
		cin>>n>>m>>k;
 
        vector<int> v(n);
        map<int,int> p;
        int max_ele=0;
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++){
        	cin>>v[i];
        	max_ele=max(v[i],max_ele);
        	p[v[i]]++;
        }
        int mini=k,f=1;
        int j=0;
        while(m>0 && mini==k && j<=max_ele){
        	if (p.find(j)==p.end() && j<mini){
        		cout<<"NO"<<endl;
        		f=0;
        		break;
        	}
        	if (j==mini){j++;continue;}
        	m-=p[j];
        	j++;
        }
        if (m<=0  && f==1 && j>=mini ){cout<<"YES"<<endl;}
        else if (f==1){cout<<"NO"<<endl;}
 
 
	}
}

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6
5 4 2
0 1 3 0 3
2 1 2
0 1
3 3 3
0 1 2
4 3 3
2 0 4 3
5 4 2
0 2 1 2 5
6 5 2
0 1 0 2 0 3