#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define ll long long
#define e "\n"
#define all(s) s.begin(), s.end()
#define sz(s) (int)s.size()
#define pi 3.14159
#define lpi 3.141592653
#define llpi 3.141592653589
void FOLaa() {
	std::ios_base::sync_with_stdio(NULL);
	cin.tie(0);
	cout.tie(0);
}
const int N = 2e5 + 5;
ll ff(ll x, ll y)
{
	return x & ~y;
}
int main()
{
	FOLaa();
	int t;
	cin >> t;
	while (t--)
	{
		int n;
		cin >> n;
		vector<ll>v(n), vv(n);
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> v[i];
		vv = { 0 };
		for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
		{
			vv[i] = ff(v[i - 1] ^ v[i - 1], v[i]);
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			cout << vv[i] << " ";
		cout << e;
	}
	return 0;
}
 

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NQo0CjEgMyA3IDE1CjQKMSAyIDQgOAo1CjEgMiAzIDQgNQo0CjExIDEzIDE1IDEKMQowCg==

5
4
1 3 7 15
4
1 2 4 8
5
1 2 3 4 5
4
11 13 15 1
1
0