<?php

$re = '/\[(?![^][]*\btable\b)[^][]*]/';
$str = '[kjkj] jkhjkhjk [table] [wedfwefwef] [bgfghfghf] [fvdfvd][sdfsd] [terms] [5465456] jkhjkhjkh';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
print_r($matches[0]);