using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

public class Test
{
    [Serializable]
	public class DataItem
	{
		public Int32 Property1 { get; set; }
		public String Property2 { get; set; }
		public Int32 Property3 { get; set; }

		public DataItem Parent;
		public List<DataItem> Children;
	}

	public static void Main()
	{
		DataItem root = CreateTestData();
		DataItem testItems1 = Clone(root);
		//DataItem testItems2 = CopyProperties<DataItem, DataItem>(root);


		Measure("Serialize",
			delegate
			{
				DataItem items2 = Clone(root);
			});
		//Measure("Reflection",
		//	delegate
		//	{
		//		DataItem items3 = CopyProperties<DataItem, DataItem>(root);
		//	});
		Console.ReadLine();
	}

	private static int _levels = 5;
	private static int _childCount = 5;
	private static int _identity = 0;

	private static int GetNextId()
	{
		return _identity++;
	}

	static DataItem CreateTestData()
	{
		DataItem root = new DataItem { Property1 = GetNextId(), Property2 = GetNextId().ToString(), Property3 = GetNextId(), Children = new List<DataItem>() };
		CreateChildren(root);
		return root;
	}

	static void CreateChildren(DataItem parent, int level = 0)
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < _childCount; i++)
		{
			DataItem child = new DataItem
			{
				Property1 = GetNextId(),
				Property2 = GetNextId().ToString(),
				Property3 = GetNextId(),
				Parent = parent
			};
			parent.Children.Add(child);

			if (level < _levels)
			{
				child.Children = new List<DataItem>();
				CreateChildren(child, level + 1);
			}
		}
	}

	static T Clone<T>(T target)
	{
		using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())
		{
			BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
			formatter.Serialize(stream, target);
			stream.Position = 0;
			T result = (T)formatter.Deserialize(stream);
			return result;
		}
	}
	//static void CopyProperties<S, T>(S source, T target) where T : class
	//{
	//	Type type = typeof(T);
	//	PropertyInfo[] properties = source.GetType().GetProperties();
	//	foreach (PropertyInfo property in properties)
	//	{
	//		PropertyInfo targetProperty = type.GetProperty(property.Name);
	//		if (targetProperty != null)
	//			targetProperty.SetValue(target, property.GetValue(source, null), null);
	//	}
	//}
	//static T[] CopyProperties<S, T>(S[] source) where T : class, new()
	//{
	//	if (source == null)
	//		throw new ArgumentNullException("source");

	//	T[] result = new T[source.Length];
	//	for (Int32 loop = 0; loop < source.Length; loop++)
	//	{
	//		result[loop] = new T();
	//		CopyProperties(source[loop], result[loop]);
	//	}
	//	return result;
	//}
	static void Measure(String message, Action method)
	{
		Int64 mem = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
		Int64 gcCount = GC.CollectionCount(0);

		DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
		Stopwatch stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
		method();
		TimeSpan elapsed = stopwatch.Elapsed;

		// DONTTOUCH:
		//  It is intended to call GetTotalMemory with forceFullCollection: false
		//  before CollectionCount call.
		Double tempMemDelta = Math.Max(GC.GetTotalMemory(false) - mem, 0);
		Int64 gcCountDelta = GC.CollectionCount(0) - gcCount;

		String elapsedString = elapsed.TotalSeconds.ToString("00.0000", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
		String memDeltaInKb = (tempMemDelta / 1024).ToString("0.00 KB", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);

		Console.WriteLine(@"{0}: 
Elapsed: {1} s,  MemDelta: {2,10},  GC count: {3}
", message, elapsedString, memDeltaInKb, gcCountDelta);

	}
}