#include <vector>
#include <array>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <chrono>

class muTimer
{
    using Clock = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock;
    bool active = false;
    Clock::duration   duration_;
    Clock::time_point start_ = Clock::now(), stop_ = Clock::now();

    muTimer(const muTimer&)             = delete;
    muTimer& operator=(const muTimer&)  = delete;
public:
    using ns       = std::chrono::nanoseconds;
    using mks      = std::chrono::microseconds;
    using ms       = std::chrono::milliseconds;
    muTimer() { reset(); start(); }
    ~muTimer() = default;
    muTimer& reset()
    {
        duration_ = std::chrono::nanoseconds(0);
        active    = false;
        return *this;
    }
    muTimer& start()
    {
        if (!active)
        {
            start_ = Clock::now();
            active = true;
        }
        return *this;
    }
    muTimer& stop()
    {
        if (active)
        {
            stop_      = Clock::now();
            duration_ += stop_ - start_;
            active     = false;
        }
        return *this;
    }
    template<typename T = mks>
        unsigned long long duration()
    {
        return static_cast<unsigned long long>
            (std::chrono::duration_cast<T>(stop_-start_).count());
    }
};


using namespace std;


int main()
{
    {
        muTimer mt;
        vector<vector<long>> buffer(1000000, vector<long>() );
        for( int i = 0; i < 1000000; ++i ) buffer[ i ].reserve( 12 );
        mt.stop();
        int s = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < 1000000; ++i) s += buffer[i].capacity();
    }
    {
        muTimer mt;
        vector<vector<long>> buffer(1000000, vector<long>() );
        for( int i = 0; i < 1000000; ++i ) buffer[ i ].reserve( 12 );
        mt.stop();
        cout << mt.duration<muTimer::ms>() << " ms\n";
        int s = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < 1000000; ++i) s += buffer[i].capacity();
        cout << "Total capacity: " << s << endl;
    }
    {
        muTimer mt;
        vector<vector<long>> buffer(1000000, vector<long>(12) );
        mt.stop();
        cout << mt.duration<muTimer::ms>() << " ms\n";
        int s = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < 1000000; ++i) s += buffer[i].capacity();
        cout << "Total capacity: " << s << endl;
    }
    {
        muTimer mt;
        vector<vector<long>> buffer(1000000, vector<long>(12) );
        for( int i = 0; i < 1000000; ++i ) buffer[ i ].clear();
        mt.stop();
        cout << mt.duration<muTimer::ms>() << " ms\n";
        int s = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < 1000000; ++i) s += buffer[i].capacity();
        cout << "Total capacity: " << s << endl;
    }
    {
        muTimer mt;
        array<array<long,12>,1000000> buffer;
        mt.stop();
        cout << mt.duration<muTimer::ms>() << " ms\n";
    }
}