<?php

mb_internal_encoding('Utf-8');

$phrase = 'АБВГДЕЁЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯ';
$lettersCount = mb_strlen($phrase);

$fromAngle = -80;
$toAngle = 260;
$radius = 12.5;

$height = 30;
$centerX = 40;
$centerY = 15;

$screen = array();
for ($y = 0; $y < $height; ++$y) {
    $screen[$y] = array_fill(0, 80, ' ');
}

//Угол между буквами
$angleBetween = 360 / $lettersCount;
$angle = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $lettersCount; ++$i) {
    $x = (round($radius * cos(deg2rad($angle))) * 2.6) + 40;
    $y = round($radius * sin(deg2rad($angle))) + 15;
    $angle += $angleBetween;
    $screen[$y][$x] = mb_substr($phrase, $i, 1);
}

foreach ($screen as $y) {
    echo implode ('', $y) . "\n";
}