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#include<stdio.h>
 
int main() {
 int upper = 0, lower = 0;
 char ch[80];
 int i;
 
 printf("\nEnter The String : ");
 gets(ch);
 
 i = 0;
 while (ch[i] != '') {
if (ch[i] >= 'A' && ch[i] <= 'Z')
 upper++;
 if (ch[i] >= 'a' && ch[i] <= 'z')
 lower++;
i++;
 }
 
 printf("\nUppercase Letters : %d", upper);
 printf("\nLowercase Letters : %d", lower);
 
 return (0);
}

prog.c: In function ‘main’:
prog.c:9:2: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘gets’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
  gets(ch);
  ^~~~
prog.c:12:18: error: empty character constant
  while (ch[i] != '') {
                  ^~
prog.c:13:1: warning: this ‘if’ clause does not guard... [-Wmisleading-indentation]
 if (ch[i] >= 'A' && ch[i] <= 'Z')
 ^~
prog.c:15:2: note: ...this statement, but the latter is misleadingly indented as if it is guarded by the ‘if’
  if (ch[i] >= 'a' && ch[i] <= 'z')
  ^~

Standard output is empty