#include <iostream>
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int t;
cin>>t;
while(t--)
{
int n,b,c,i,j,d=0,e=0,f=0;
cin>>n>>b>>c;
int arr[n];
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
cin>>arr[i];
}
while(c--){
e=(d^b);
f=(arr[i]^b);
d=f;
}
cout<<e<<" ";
}
return 0;
}
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