#include <iostream>
#include <string>
 
class T
{
public:
	T(const std::string& name): name_(name), copy_(0){}
	T(const T& rhs)
		: name_(rhs.name_), copy_(rhs.copy_)
	{
		copy_++;
	}
 
	void op(){ std::cout << name_ << "-copy: " << copy_ << std::endl; }
private:
	int copy_;
	std::string name_;
};
 
T op1(const T& val) // pass by const reference
{
	std::cout << "op1" << std::endl;
	T tmp(val);	//copy ctor
	tmp.op();
	return tmp;
}
 
T op2(T val) // pass by value
{
	std::cout << "op2" << std::endl;
	val.op();
	return val;
}
 
int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
	T t("lvalue");
 
	op1(t).op();
	op1(T("rvalue")).op();
 
	op2(t).op();
	op2(T("rvalue")).op();
 
	return 0;
}

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