<?php
$re = "/(?<!`)`([^`\\n\\r]+)`(?!`)/";
$str = <<<EOT
`match_1` // matches
``test`` // does NOT match
// does NOT match
```java
test
```
`match_2`
Text `match_3`
Text `match_4`EOL
`match_5` sdsdfsdf `match_6`
EOT;
foreach ($matches[1] as $match) {
echo "$match\n";
}
?>
PD9waHAKCiRyZSA9ICIvKD88IWApYChbXmBcXG5cXHJdKylgKD8hYCkvIjsKJHN0ciA9IDw8PEVPVApgbWF0Y2hfMWAgLy8gbWF0Y2hlcwpgYHRlc3RgYCAvLyBkb2VzIE5PVCBtYXRjaAoKLy8gZG9lcyBOT1QgbWF0Y2gKYGBgamF2YQogICB0ZXN0CmBgYApgbWF0Y2hfMmAKClRleHQgYG1hdGNoXzNgCgpUZXh0IGBtYXRjaF80YEVPTAoKYG1hdGNoXzVgIHNkc2Rmc2RmIGBtYXRjaF82YApFT1Q7CiAKcHJlZ19tYXRjaF9hbGwoJHJlLCAkc3RyLCAkbWF0Y2hlcyk7Cgpmb3JlYWNoICgkbWF0Y2hlc1sxXSBhcyAkbWF0Y2gpIHsKICAgIGVjaG8gIiRtYXRjaFxuIjsKfQo/Pg==