using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
 
class Program
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 指定した範囲内の度数分布表を作成します。
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// <paramref name="buckets"/>は1以上の値が与えられるものとします。
    /// <paramref name="max"/>は<paramref name="min"/>より大きな値が与えられるものとします。
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="data">度数分布表を作成するデータ。</param>
    /// <param name="buckets">作成する度数分布表の階級数（区間の数）。</param>
    /// <param name="min">作成する度数分布表の最小値。
    /// この値以上のデータを集計し、この値未満のデータは無視します。</param>
    /// <param name="max">作成する度数分布表の最大値。
    /// この値未満のデータを集計し、この値以上のデータは無視します。</param>
    /// <returns>累積度数の配列。長さは<paramref name="buckets"/>。</returns>
    private static int[] CreateHistogram(IEnumerable<double> data, int buckets, double min, double max)
    {
        // 累積度数の配列を作成。
        int[] results = new int[buckets];
        // 階級幅の逆数を計算。
        double multiplier = buckets / (max - min);
        foreach (double datum in data)
        {
            // 幅で割って（＝幅の逆数を掛けて）整数化。
            int index = (int)((datum - min) * multiplier);
            // 度数分布表の範囲に収まっていたら度数をカウントアップ。
            if (0 <= index && index < buckets)
                results[index] += 1;
        }
        return results;
    }
 
    static void Main()
    {
        var r = new Random();
        // 0以上100未満のランダムな数を100000個生成。
        var data = Enumerable.Repeat(0, 100000).Select(x => 100.0d * r.NextDouble());
        // 10以上20未満の区間を10個に分割した度数分布表を作成。
        var hist = CreateHistogram(data, 10, 10.0d, 20.0d);
        for (var i = 0; i < hist.Length; i++)
            Console.WriteLine("{0,2}: {1}", i, hist[i]);
    }
}

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