static std::vector<char> readFile(const char* filename)
{
  std::ifstream file;
  file.open(filename, std::ios::in);
  if(!file.good())
    throw std::runtime_error("Cannot open input file.");
 
  file >> std::noskipws;
  file.exceptions(std::ios::failbit | std::ios::badbit);
  try
  {
    std::vector<char> result;
    std::copy(std::istream_iterator<char>(file), std::istream_iterator<char>(), std::back_inserter(result));
    return result;
  }
  catch(std::ios_base::failure& e)
  {
    throw std::runtime_error("I/O error when reading the input file.");
  }
}

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