#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
long long t,l,r,sum=0;
cin>>t;
while(t--)
{
cin>>l>>r;
sum=l;
for(int i=l+1; i<=r; i++)
{
sum+=i;
}
cout<<sum<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
I2luY2x1ZGU8Yml0cy9zdGRjKysuaD4KdXNpbmcgbmFtZXNwYWNlIHN0ZDsKCmludCBtYWluKCkKewogICAgbG9uZyBsb25nIHQsbCxyLHN1bT0wOwogICAgY2luPj50OwogICAgd2hpbGUodC0tKQogICAgewogICAgICAgIGNpbj4+bD4+cjsKICAgICAgICBzdW09bDsKICAgICAgICBmb3IoaW50IGk9bCsxOyBpPD1yOyBpKyspCiAgICAgICAgewogICAgICAgICAgICBzdW0rPWk7CiAgICAgICAgfQogICAgICAgIGNvdXQ8PHN1bTw8ZW5kbDsKCiAgICB9CgogICAgcmV0dXJuIDA7Cn0K