#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
int main() {
	int x = 10;
	int* x_ptr = &x; //take the address of x, assign it to a pointer to an int (int *)
	int& x_ref = x;  //create a reference to an integer (int&) and point it to x
 
	x_ref = 12; //you can use refs just like the original variable, no need to dereference
	cout << x_ref << endl;
	*x_ptr = 14; //you have to dereference a pointer before you can assign a value to the object
	cout << *x_ptr << endl;
 
	int y = 40;
	x_ptr = &y; //you can set a pointer to point to a different address
	cout << *x_ptr << endl;
	//&x_ref = y; //there's no way to point x_ref anywhere else, the compiler will actually use this fact to make various optimizations
 
	return 0;
}

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