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  1. /*
  2. * Copyright (c) 2012, Mauro Scomparin
  3. * All rights reserved.
  4. *
  5. * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  6. * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
  7. * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  8. * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  9. * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  10. * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  11. * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  12. * * Neither the name of Mauro Scomparin nor the
  13. * names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
  14. * derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
  15. *
  16. * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Mauro Scomparin ``AS IS'' AND ANY
  17. * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
  18. * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
  19. * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Mauro Scomparin BE LIABLE FOR ANY
  20. * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
  21. * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
  22. * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
  23. * ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  24. * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
  25. * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  26. *
  27. * File: LM4F.ld.
  28. * Author: Mauro Scomparin <http://s...content-available-to-author-only...s.com>.
  29. * Version: 1.0.0.
  30. * Description: Linker description file for LM4FXXX microcontrollers.
  31. */
  32.  
  33.  
  34. /*
  35. * Memory definition:
  36. * FLASH: start point 0x00, lenght 0x40000.
  37. * SRAM: start point 0x20000000 length 0x8000.
  38. * STACK: start point 0x20007FFF lenght 0x0.
  39. */
  40. MEMORY
  41. {
  42.     FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x00000000, LENGTH = 0x00040000
  43.     RAM (rwx) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 0x00008000
  44.     STACK (rwx) : ORIGIN = 0x20007FFF , LENGTH = 0x00000000
  45. }
  46.  
  47. /*
  48. * Sections definitions:
  49. *
  50. * .text - machine instructions.
  51. * .data - initialized data defined in the program.
  52. * .bss - un-initialized global and static variables (to be initialized to 0 before starting main).
  53. * .stack - just contains the pointer to the stack end at the right place.
  54. */
  55. SECTIONS
  56. {
  57. /* This section it's the code, containing the NVIC Vector table that must start at 0x0
  58. * Look at the LM4F120H5QR datasheet for details. (Table 2-8. Exception Types)
  59. */
  60.     .text :
  61.     {
  62.      /*_start_text = .; /* This is an index to the beginning of .text segment. */
  63.      KEEP(*(.nvic_table)) /* I should keep the NVIC ISR Table because it's needed by the processor to start. */
  64.         *(.text) /* This contains the code after the ISR table. */
  65.         *(.rodata) /* Read only data. */
  66.         _end_text = .; /* This is an index to the end of .text segment. */
  67.     }>FLASH
  68.  
  69.     /*
  70.     * .data segment must be placed in RAM but it's originally stored in FLASH
  71.     * So I set the data segment in ram, but I specify the load address with the AT
  72.     * keyword to set that right after the .text section.
  73.     * (Look at the LD documentation. (Optional Section Attributes))
  74.     * Thanks https://g...content-available-to-author-only...b.com/utzig for the hints!
  75.     */
  76.     .data :
  77.     {
  78.      _start_data = .; /* An index to the beginning of .data segment. */
  79.         *(vtable) /* vtable should be the volatile data I guess*/
  80.         *(.data) /* I should put there all my initialized data of my program. */
  81.         _end_data = .; /* And another index to the end of .data segment. */
  82.     }>RAM AT >FLASH
  83.  
  84.  
  85. /*
  86. * .bss contains the unitialized variables and must be set as 0x0 during runtime.
  87. * It should be loaded in RAM and particula care should be taken initializing them in the startup file.
  88. */
  89.     .bss :
  90.     {
  91.      _start_bss = .; /* This is an index to the beginning of .bss segment. */
  92.         *(.bss) /* The un-initialized data should go there. */
  93.         *(COMMON) /* All the other stuff should be put there */
  94.         _end_bss = .; /* End index for .bss segment */
  95.     }>RAM
  96.  
  97. /*
  98. * .stack contains nothing, but I use it to set the first vector item (SP R13).
  99. */
  100. .stack :
  101. {
  102. _stack_top = .; /* An index to the end of the stack */
  103. }>STACK
  104.  
  105. }
  106.  
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https://ideone.com/HLfMG3
language:
C (gcc 8.3)
created:
11 years ago
visibility:
public

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